The Shell and Tube Condenser is designed to condense cooking vapours through indirect heat exchange. Vapours enter through a top-mounted vapour collecting hood and travel downward through the internal tubes, where condensation occurs. The resulting condensate is collected in a cone-shaped bottom section and continuously discharged.

Cooling water enters near the bottom of the shell and circulates around the outside of the tubes, absorbing heat from the vapours. The heated water exits near the top of the shell as hot water. The outgoing water temperature is controlled by regulating the flow of incoming cooling water through an automatic control valve operated by a temperature sensor and controller.

Non-condensable vapours are removed from the cone bottom of the unit. The condenser is not designed as a pressure vessel and operates with a maximum internal pressure of 100 kPa. Hot water discharge must remain below this pressure and is preferably released at atmospheric pressure. If higher pressure is required for plant use, a separate pumping system must be installed. Because vapour and water remain separated, the hot water produced can be used directly for process heating or other plant applications. Where no immediate use is available, the hot water can be directed to a cooling system for recycling.

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